4 Fascinating Natural Landmarks; From Majestic Mountains to The Hidden Abyss [Part 2: Rivers&Seas]
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Maldives: Glowing Beaches
Maldives is a country comprising many coral islands in the Indian Ocean and is located in the southwest of India and Sri Lanka.
Generally, seawater is beautifully indigo blue during the day and black when it is late at night because there is no sunlight. However, did you know that the Maldives sea can glow blue at night like a sea of stars from fairy tales?
Its bioluminescence is caused by plankton in the Dinoflagellates group, a small creature that cannot be seen with the naked eye. This plankton absorbs light from the sun during the day, and then at night when the waves swash the beach or when disturbed by predators on the sea, their defense mechanism works immediately: emitting blue or blue-green light through cell walls, creating a beautiful sparkle, captivating people.
Antarctica: Scarlet Falls
The flowing blood that you see here is not real blood and there is no crime happening either, just a natural phenomenon.
Scarlet Falls or Blood Falls, occurs at the tip of Taylor Glacier in the dry valley of Antarctica. It was first discovered in 1911 by an Australian geologist named Griffith Taylor.
Scarlet Falls is caused by Iron Oxides, including debris from plants, animals, and other parts from 5 million years ago. Due to the intense saltiness, the lake does not freeze even if the temperature is negative. When the Iron Oxides which have been pressed for millions of years, have come into contact with oxygen because of the changing terrain, causing chemical reactions: rust and scarlet, as we have seen.
Iron oxide is a chemical that consists of iron and oxygen. It can be found naturally in geological processes and is widely used at low cost, such as being made into durable pigments in varnished paint and concrete paints, etc.
Abraham Lake: A Frozen Land
Abraham Lake is known as a Frozen Land, a land of snow and cold wind, due to its freezing coldness. It is a beautiful lake on the North Saskatchewan River which is one of the Saskatchewan River, a main river in Canada with an approximate length of 550 kilometers (340 miles)
The specialty of this lake is that it is filled with ignitable methane bubbles and is inside a river frozen with negative temperature. These methane bubbles are caused by the remains of animals, leaves, and organic matter that die and fall into the lake. Then, bacteria and chemical reactions convert them into methane and carbon dioxide under the lake. When the lake freezes, these gases themselves have no space to evaporate which results in the form of a white bubble as if they were frozen under the lake, making a beautiful picture of a frozen and exotic lake area.
Often these gas bubbles can penetrate out of the lake’s ice surface, but they are not harmful at all. People in the area like to go in and start fires when the methane bubbles come out, causing small bursts of bubbles.
Lake Natron: Dead Sea
Lake Natron is one of the weirdest lakes in the world. Its name comes from a mix of nature and chemicals, located in the Arusha region, northern Tanzania, bordering on the border of Kenya.
The highlight of this lake is that it is only 3 meters deep. Since the water in this lake quickly evaporates into the air, a lot of salt and Natron minerals are left in the lake. It has the same highly corrosive effect as ammonia at 9-10.5 and has a heat of 60 degrees. The high alkalinity of this lake makes it impossible for living organisms to live or touch it. All of the animals that die in this lake area look like they’ve dried to stone.
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